SKU: 22663287598

Hard carbon paper

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Description

Hard carbon paperProduct Name Name: Hard carbon paper Product Overview Hard carbon refers to carbon that is difficult to graphitize, usually obtained by thermal decomposition of cross linked resins with special structures at around 1000 C Common hard carbons include resin carbon, organic polymer pyrolytic carbon, and carbon black. Hard carbon is also a highly regarded negative electrode material in sodium ion batteries. The negative electrode material of sodium ion

Product Name

Name:Hard carbon paper


Product Overview

 

Hard carbon refers to carbon that is difficult to graphitize, usually obtained by thermal decomposition of cross-linked resins with special structures at around 1000 ¡ãC Common hard carbons include resin carbon, organic polymer pyrolytic carbon, and carbon black. Hard carbon is also a highly regarded negative electrode material in sodium ion batteries. The negative electrode material of sodium ion batteries, as the main body of sodium storage in batteries, plays a decisive role in the development of batteries. Compared with other negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries, hard carbon has the characteristics of disordered internal crystal arrangement and large interlayer spacing, which enables the hard carbon negative electrode to store more charges at the same volume, improving the energy density and endurance of sodium ion batteries. Meanwhile, due to the larger pore structure of hard carbon, it can accommodate more sodium ions, resulting in more uniform expansion and contraction of the electrode during discharge, which increases its cycling stability, charge discharge performance, and prolongs the cycling life of sodium ion batteries. At present, sodium ion batteries have become a hot topic in research and industrialization both domestically and internationally. With the deepening of related research and the development of technology, the market size of hard carbon negative electrode materials is expected to continue to grow. However, there is still no unified understanding of the sodium storage mechanism of hard carbon, and further research is needed to reveal its structure-activity relationship with electrochemical reaction mechanisms, as well as to explore the influence of physical parameters of hard carbon materials on electrochemical performance.


Technical Parameter

 

Appearance:Black fibrous

Length:100-200μm(SEM)

Diameter:5-20μm(SEM)


Product Features

 

Difficult to graphitize: Even at high temperatures above 2500 ¡ãC it is difficult to graphitize.

Short range carbon layer stacking and long-range disordered structure: During the pyrolysis process, the carbon layer tends to grow in a planar direction, but the cross-linking structure in macromolecules hinders its planar growth. Therefore, the carbon layer in hard carbon cannot infinitely extend and grow into a graphite like layered structure, and can only exhibit a carbon layer stacking structure in the short range, while it remains disordered in the long range. Its structure is mainly composed of amorphous parts, with some carbon layers randomly stacked, resulting in defects and pores, while the other part of the carbon layer has a graphite microcrystalline structure, which has no orientation and is cross-linked with each other.

Large interlayer spacing and more micropores: Compared to graphite, hard carbon has a larger interlayer spacing and more micropores, which allows ions to be quickly inserted and removed. Correspondingly, there are more lithium storage active sites for ion insertion and removal, resulting in a larger specific capacity.

Excellent rate performance: Theoretically, hard carbon materials have good rate performance and can achieve high rate charging and discharging.

Long cycle life: The hard carbon structure is stable and has a long charge discharge cycle life.


Application Fields

 

New energy vehicles: Although there is still room for improvement in energy density and cycle life of sodium ion batteries, their performance indicators such as low temperature, safety, and fast charging are good, and they can be used in some new energy vehicles that do not require extreme endurance;

Large scale energy storage: With the rapid expansion of renewable energy generation such as solar and wind power, the demand for energy storage is also increasing. Sodium ion batteries have certain application prospects in the field of energy storage, and hard carbon as its negative electrode material can help improve the performance of energy storage batteries;

Consumer electronic devices, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc., can meet the requirements of these devices for fast battery charging, safety, and other aspects;

Smart grid: In the smart grid, sodium ion batteries can be used in energy storage systems to help balance supply and demand, improve the stability and reliability of the grid;

Low speed transportation vehicles, such as electric bicycles, electric tricycles, etc., have relatively low requirements for battery weight and volume. Sodium ion batteries can be applied due to their cost advantage.


Related Information

Please e-mail for the detailed characterization data.

E-mail:[email protected]

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SKU: 22663287598

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Shari O
Whiting, US
★★★★★ 5
Great Toy in Spite of Everything.
Color: Purple
My dog is a border collie. She loves chewing, fetching, tug of war and catch. The first day we had this toy she chewed off two of the feet. I didn't give it much of a life span. Two weeks later she chewed off a third foot. Miraculously no stuffing was exposed. It has now been a month and the toy is still going strong, albeit with one foot! She loves it. It is now June 1st. It has been almost three months and I am retiring the toy. It no longer has any feet and the tail has been ripped open and stuffing is coming out. All in all I think I got my money's worth from this toy. I ordered another one. She still loves it!
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on March 29, 2014
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Verified Purchase
lynette Lane
Carnegie, US
★★★★★ 5
Toys
Color: Orange
My dog loves this
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Reviewed in the United States on June 5, 2026
K
Verified Purchase
KEB
Carnegie, US
★★★★★ 4
Awesome, but not the best squeakers.
Color: Purple
I bought the orange gecko for my 5-month-old Corgi puppy. He absolutely loves it. He came up with a "game" (sort of) where if I pick it up and start squeaking one of the ends/squeakers really quickly over and over, he'll grab the other end/squeaker and start doing the same thing with me. It was really cute until one of the squeakers stopped working about a week after I bought it... but I guess the toy wasn't too expensive, and he doesn't really seem to mind that one of the squeakers doesn't work anymore. I might buy another next time I do an Amazon order (so I can get the free shipping) and see if it lasts a little longer.
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Reviewed in the United States on August 2, 2013
W
Verified Purchase
W. Dietrich
Carnegie, US
★★★★★ 5
Great Toy For a Great Price
Color: Purple
My Aussie loves toys and plays with them as though she is a small child. She has a basket and will go to the basket and dig through it until she finds what she is looking for. Lately she has been using the bungee gecko as her toy of choice. She gets bored easily and will rip the stuffing out of most toys, the fact that this one has lasted 6 weeks or so is impressive with no rips, holes or missing limbs. Her favorite way to play is to come over to me and nudge me to play tug of war and we have broke many toys this way but so far we can play tug a war several minutes at a time and the gecko is still in one piece. For the price which is considerable less than some of her other toys I have already ordered a couple of replacements for the future. This is a great well built dog toy that has has a lot of give and can be stretched without ripping.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 3, 2013
Y
Verified Purchase
ynk
Phoenix, US
★★★★★ 3
No longer as durable
Color: Purple
I have one of these that has made it through 2 dogs but now the bungee is stretched out. It's been such a well loved toy I recently got another one. They've changed the plush fabric. The old one was indestructible. This new one is much thinner and easily torn. I wish they would go back to the old plush fabric.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 4, 2024

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