SKU: 89440867946

Maria Mitchell and the Sexing of Science: An Astronomer Among the American Romantics

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Maria Mitchell and the Sexing of Science: An Astronomer Among the American RomanticsThe story of one of America's first professional astronomers and the changes that led to science being a male dominated field There are a number of intellectual women from the 19th century whose crucial roles in the philosophical, social, and scientific debates that roiled the era have not been fully examined. Among them is the astronomer Maria Mitchell. Given the relative dearth of women scientists today, most of us assume that science has always

The story of one of America's first professional astronomers and the changes that led to science being a male-dominated field

There are a number of intellectual women from the 19th century whose crucial roles in the philosophical, social, and scientific debates that roiled the era have not been fully examined.Among them is the astronomer Maria Mitchell.

Given the relative dearth of women scientists today, most of us assume that science has always been a masculine domain. But as Ren e Bergland reminds us, science and humanities were not seen as separate spheres in the nineteenth century; indeed, before the Civil War, women flourished in science and mathematics, disciplines that were considered less politically threatening and less profitable than the humanities. Mitchell apprenticed with her father, an amateur astronomer; taught herself the higher math of the day; and for years regularly "swept" the clear Nantucket night sky with the telescope in her rooftop observatory.

In 1847, thanks to these diligent sweeps, Mitchell discovered a comet and was catapulted to international fame. Within a few years she was one of America's first professional astronomers; as "computer of Venus"--a sort of human calculator--for the U.S. Navy's Nautical Almanac, she calculated the planet's changing position. After an intellectual tour of Europe that included a winter in Rome with Sophia and Nathaniel Hawthorne, Mitchell was invited to join the founding faculty at Vassar College, where she spent her later years mentoring the next generation of women astronomers. Tragically, opportunities for her students dried up over the next few decades as the increasingly male scientific establishment began to close ranks.

Mitchell protested this cultural shift in vain. In this compulsively readable biography, Ren e Bergland chronicles the ideological, academic, and economic changes that led to the original sexing of science--now so familiar that most of us have never known it any other way.

Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: Beacon Press
Published: 05/08/2018
ISBN: 9780807021439
Pages: 320
Weight: 1.04lbs
Size: 9.00h x 6.00w x 0.72d
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SKU: 89440867946

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Jonathan H.
Grantham, US
★★★★★ 1
Poor quality — squeaker lasts 2 minutes
Color: Blue Squeak Toy, Size: Medium
These balls used to be great quality and long lasting. Something changed about a year ago and now the quality is considerably less to include the squeaker becoming inoperable within 2 mins of play. Not sure if the raw materials or the manufacturing process changed, however the decline in quality is obvious. I do not recommend this product to anyone who has a dog that is larger than 10-15 lbs.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 16, 2026
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LizO
Alexandria, US
★★★★★ 4
STROBE: Favorite Ball, durable, decent battery life
Color: Glow in the Dark Strobe Toy, Size: Medium
*Update since Outward Hound redesign: The new version doesn't seem to light up as consistently on every bounce and seems to light up in a more seizure inducing way (I'm sorry I couldn't think of a better description). The light also seems to die much faster with the new version. The inner light and batter actually popped out its encasement in one ball after about 2 months of use, only by my Golden who doesn't chew particularly forcefully on it. I did notice right away and check regularly for damage, just putting that out there as a warning. It is still by far my dog's favorite ball. Original: This is my Golden Retriever's absolute favorite ball! Particularly the strobe light up ball but she's happy with any Planet Dog ball to the point that she looks at me for the "good ball" to fetch with if i try to have her play with a ball from a different company. Pros: by far my dog's favorite ball - good bounce, and good squish factor yet durable -larger size: safe for large dogs -lights up to see at night -decent battery life -rain does not affect battery Cons: -battery is not replaceable/ rechargeable (though I'm not sure it's an option without seriously altering the design) -regular glow (once battery is dead) is not great -only lights up on a bounce and shortly after that - If your dog bites down particularly forcefully it can displace the battery which typically kills it; if submerged in water (my dog tends to place it in her water bowl when she takes a break while fetching), it is reduces battery life, both make me worry about safety The ball always out lasts the lifespan of the battery for the light, I'd say we average about 1 month per ball while the light works with about 1 hour of use almost everyday. The ball does hold up to some of my dog's friends that are super chewers including one that is a Cane Corso. I don't let them sit and work at chewing it but they definitely squeeze it in their mouths with a good bit of force. My girl is happy to play with the ball even once the battery dies but I prefer to have the light so I can find the ball when needed. The glow color does glow when placed under a flashlight for a few minutes first but I find it doesn't glow as well or as long as other company's glow toys. My dog has a tendency to drown it in her water bowl to keep it nearby or rinse off any dirt and that definitely shortens the battery life but using it in the rain doesn't seem to affect the battery life I think this being my dog's favorite has to do with the good bounce and squeeze factor this ball has. I like that it's slightly bigger than a tennis ball so I'm comfortable with large dogs playing with it. It fits in the "large" chuck it ball launcher. I actually discovered this specific ball when another dog had it and my dog kept taking it instead of her other light up ball that she had played with happily for months.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 10, 2023
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Sherry
Lowell, US
★★★★★ 5
Great for my pitbull, worth the price! the warranty isn’t what it seems so check their site first.
Color: Orange Squeak Toy, Size: Medium
I’ve now purchased 3 and I don’t see myself ever stopping! My 55lb Staffie (pitbull) has absolutely obliterated every ball and toy (rope, rubber, stuffed) before this one in a matter of minutes. You take your eyes off it, and the next time you’d look back it would be in pieces. Kong Xtremes and other “indestructible” toys only lasted a week, tops. He also goes nuts for anything that squeaks, so keeping him happily entertained for a while was a challenge because the second he’d chomp down on a squeaker, it’d break. He’s now had this blue squeak ball for a MONTH and it STILL SQUEAKS!! He regularly falls asleep with it still in his mouth, or tucked under his chin. That’s how obsessed he is with this thing. I would 100% recommend this to anyone who needs a seriously durable toy for their super powerful chewer as that’s been my experience! This material is super bouncy and he can bite down (unlike some rubbers, Kong/West Paw) without puncturing it somehow. It’s perfect for fetch, and floats too. He’s never had a toy last this long, so this is a welcome break for my wallet despite being a more expensive toy. I was buying a few toys every week until we tried this one! Cons: The first two balls didn’t squeak after a few days, so maybe they’ve improved something since then. The warranty replacement process is more tedious than others like West Paw, and only replaces them ONCE. It’s also requires more force to squeak this given the nature of the material, but since it extends the life of the squeaker I’m totally fine with it.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 13, 2018
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Michael F
Louisville, US
★★★★★ 5
This ball has lasted and still have it after many months or longer. My dog loves it.
Color: Pink Squeak Toy, Size: Medium
My Belgian Malinois can really chew through inferior play toys and balls, etc., and this is one of the few that has lasted a long time, and he really likes it. Another bonus is that it gets quite slippery with his saliva and the ball will bounce a little bit unevenly, so it can either slip out of his mouth or bounce in an unexpected direction that can fool him. He has such quick reactions that is hard to get a ball past him, but with this ball, I can score extra points on him when he can't block it. Otherwise I have no chance, and he beats me every time.
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Reviewed in the United States on October 21, 2025
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stlvapegurl
Dallas, US
★★★★★ 3
Please go back to the original ball design and squeaker!!
Color: Pink Squeak Toy, Size: Medium, Color: Pink Squeak Toy, Size: Medium
Review update: I am updating my review for a few reasons. 1) The ball I ordered below was the 3rd time I purchased it. I originally bought one years ago, Pre-Covid, for my old pitty. My now Corgi, Jett loved that ball so I got a 2nd one for times when we couldn’t find the original. Well, the ball was slightly larger, the squeaker stopped working, and Jett preferred the original. 2) The newest one doesn’t squeak at all and is also slightly larger than the original. The original fell down the sewer drain that is in our backyard, and we lost the 2nd ball, so we ordered the ball again. My husband ended up having to retrieve the original from the sewer drain because Jett would pace around the sewer looking for the original. I ended up returning the 3rd ball because Jett doesn’t want anything to do with it & it doesn’t squeak. The video I provided is Jett squeaking the original that is at least 5-6 years old. I highly recommend the company go back to the original design that has not only stood the test of time and heavy use but is also the preferred size and for some reason has a much better, more reliable squeaker. I bought 2 of these balls for my Corgi mix and another for my son’s girlfriend’s Golden Retriever. Both dogs love the ball. They love the squeak and the ball is very durable. The ball doesn’t easily squeak by hand but will when they bite down on the ball or when it bounces. Speaking of, it has a decent amount of bounce to it too. Our dog loves to jump in the air to catch it after it bounces off the ground. I highly recommend this ball for medium and large dogs.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 24, 2023

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